Author(s): Mohammad Karim, Ayesha Ahmed and Saeed Akhtar

Abstract:

Seasonal fluctuations play a significant role in shaping the nutritional profile and biochemical stability of plant-derived foods, particularly in traditional agro-processing systems across South Asia. Date palm present juice (also known as neera) and its concentrated product, Gur (jaggery), are widely consumed natural sweeteners valued for their micronutrient richness, antioxidant activity, and cultural relevance. However, limited scientific attention has been given to how seasonal variations—specifically winter, early spring, and late autumn tapping periods affect their nutritional composition. The present research investigates the influence of seasonal environmental parameters on the physicochemical attributes, mineral content, vitamin stability, and sugar composition of date palm present juice and corresponding Gur collected from representative South Asian agro-climatic zones. Standardized protocols were used to quantify total soluble solids, pH, titratable acidity, reducing and non-reducing sugars, as well as macro- and micronutrients including potassium, calcium, iron, and magnesium. Antioxidant activity, phenolic content, and vitamin C concentration were also evaluated.

Findings revealed significant seasonal variability, with winter-harvested sap exhibiting higher vitamin C levels, total sugars, and phenolic compounds, attributed to lower ambient temperatures and reduced enzymatic degradation. Gur produced from winter sap demonstrated superior mineral retention and lower microbial load compared to Gur processed during warmer periods. Nutrient deterioration was most pronounced during late-autumn tapping due to increased respiration and contamination risks. The research underscores that seasonal factors not only influence sap yield but also directly affect nutritional quality and storage stability of both present juice and Gur. These insights provide essential guidance for date palm growers, processors, and food technologists aiming to optimize tapping periods, improve processing strategies, and enhance value-addition potential. Ultimately, the research highlights the need for region-specific, seasonally adaptive management practices to ensure the production of nutritionally superior and microbiologically safe date palm-based products across South Asian agro-climatic landscapes.

DOI: 10.22271/27889289.2024.v4.i2c.227

Pages: 239-243 | Views: 170 | Downloads: 72

Download Full Article: Click Here